UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALONZO PLATT, OF MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT.
HANGING LAMP.
Specification of Letters Patent No. 42, dated October 8, 1836; Antedated August 13, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO PLATT, of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Hanging Lamp, which I call the “Union Lamp;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

In my invention a clear and vivid light is produced by the union of three (or more or less) separate and distinct lamps or reservoirs, so combined as to burn under one glass, these lamps may be made of different shapes to suit the fancy, but that of a fish is recommended as the best.

To construct the lamp let the several fishes be so arranged heads to heads, as to make equal divisions of a circle described upon their opposite ends. The heads should not be in close contact, but a little distance apart. Let the fishes be connected together by small braces or by a ring near their heads, the fishes or lamps may be of block tin or any other suitable metal cast whole in molds, or cast in two or more parts, and afterward soldered together. They may be painted or otherwise ornamented at pleasure. Let there be flat tubes for the wicks, about one inch in width, and two or more inches in length, made of tin or other proper metal let in at the heads of the fishes standing obliquely from a perpendicular position, the upper ends being nearest the center. The wick tubes are made to open and shut in the manner of a hinge for the purpose of removing and replacing the wicks with facility. The orifices in which the tubes are inserted are encircled by small collars so disposed as to catch the drippings from the wicks. Let the feeder of each lamp be inserted on any convenient part of it, place a common globular glass tube over the wicks in the usual way, suspend the lamp by means of chains, and a canopy in the same manner, as other lamps are suspended.

From the foregoing arrangement it will appear that there is an open space between the several lamps through which the light from the burning wicks is communicated in direct rays without the obstruction of any surrounding shell or body, making not only a more perfect light in all directions than any other hanging light produces, but an entirely perfect light under the lamp casting no circle, shadow or shade.

When necessary a plane glass may be placed upon the connecting braces or ring or in some other manner under the flame, so as to catch sparks falling from the wicks, which will render it a safe and efficient lamp for cotton factories, and in other dangerous situations.

The lamp, and its appendages are represented by the accompanying drawings. The references are the same in all figures. A hinged wick tube, B, B, B, lamps C, ring D, D, D, tube cases, E, E, E, feeders.

What I claim as my invention is-

The wick tube as it opens in the manner of a hinge, and also the above combination or arrangement of independent or distinct lamps burning under one glass.

Dated at Middletown, in the State of Connecticut, the 1st day of August A. D. 1836.
ALONZO PLATT.

Witnesses:
HORACE E. BOARDMAN,
SAMUEL W. GRISWOLD.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FREDERICK J. AUSTIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
HAND PRINTING-PRESS.
Specification of Letters Patent No. 41, dated October 8, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. AUSTIN, of the city of New York, machinist, have invented a new and useful improvement in hand printing-presses by which the friction in taking an impression is lessened and the power applied in a manner more direct and efficient than heretofore; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the drawings, which accompany and make a part of this specification.

The castings or other frame of this press may be made, and put together of the usual modes of the bed, the round, the platen, and other parts may also be constructed in any of the known ways that are suitable to such process, my invention relating solely to the arrangement of the apparatus by which the power of the lever is communicated to the toggle joints or knees by which the platen is moved up and down.

Figure 1, in the drawings is a side view of the press, and Fig. 2, a front view thereof. In these figures however, but little of the peculiarity of its construction is shown, this being principally represented in Figs. 3, and 4, which gives a view of the upper side of the platen, and the curvilinear piece with the toggle joints, or knees to be presently described.

In all of these figures the parts which correspond are designated by the same letters of reference.

A, Fig. 3, is an iron plate which extends across from one side or check of the press to the other where it is firmly attached.

B, is an opening through this plate with in which the knees or toggle joints work.

C, is a horizontal segment of the upper segment of the joint.

D, is a piece which forms a part of the lower segment of the knee of toggle joint, being a continuation thereof upward from one side thereof so as to rise above the rule joint by which they are connected, and to receive the action of the piece E, which is jointed to the lever or arbor of the press in such a situation, and as compels it to advance by the pull in a direct or straight line, or very nearly so during its whole action, the manner in which this rises from the lower knee is shown more directly in Fig. 6, it being a detached drawing of the lower knee. The lever is so formed as to admit the joint pins G, H, to pass through it at a distance of three or four inches apart a line connecting their centers forming a right angle, or nearly so with the line of the lever. The straps I, connected to the lever by the pin H, works at its other end, on a pin J, passing also through K, a piece firmly attached to the plate A, and to the side of the press. A second strap corresponding with J, seen at J2, Fig. 2, is placed under the lever, the same joint pin passing through both. A part of the plate A, is to serve as a fulcrum or bearing against which the lever works in such a way that its points of bearing is continually changing. Thus L, is made a curvilinear, and has within it cogs or teeth, one of which is seen at M, and into these teeth there gears a segment pinion N, securely fastened upon the lower side of the lever, thus forming the progressive fulcrum above mentioned. The position of the lever is shown in the drawing, Fig. 3, is that in which it stands when the platen is raised to its greatest height, and when forced completely down, J, H, and G, will be in a straight line, nearly so, and by the arrangement herein shown the piece E, which acts against the toggle joint will during the whole progress of the pull move in a straight line, or nearly so, and will consequently convey the power of the lever in the act of taking an impression with less loss, than is encountered in processes made upon any of the plans heretofore known. These parts are more distinctly shown in Fig. 4, which is a detached drawing of the plate A, and the segment pinion N.

L, is a portion of the part formed curvilinear, and embraces the principle of the epicycloid in which a small circle is made to roll along the inside of a large one. The dotted lines represent one of the straps I, which retain the segment N, in its place, and by turning on the joint pins I, H, compels the teeth always to come in contact. The lever is firmly secured on the upper side of the pinion N, as shown in Fig. 3, and by moving back, and forward will cause the different teeth to engage, and thus form the progressive fulcrum before described. In this arrangement the straps I, J, and the end of the lever form a horizontal toggle joint which receives the power of the lever, and through them it is communicated to the vertical toggle joints or knees, and thereby much increasing the power of the press.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent is-

The particular arrangement of the part conveying the power of the lever, to the toggle joint or knees, in which a pinion is geared into teeth so as to form a progressive fulcrum for the purpose, and substantially in the manner herein set forth, not including however by this description, and claim to limit myself in the construction and arrangement of the parts precisely to the form and manner given, but to vary the same as I may think proper while the same end is attained by analogous means.

FREDERICK J. AUSTIN.

Witnesses:
GEORGE BRAID,
ROBERT GOOLE.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORESTES BADGER, OF OTSEGO, AND ORRIN SULL, OF WATERLOO, NEW YORK.

DOUBLE HYDROSTATIC OIL-PRESS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40, dated August 9, 1832; Reissued October 5, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORESTES BADGER, of the town of Otsego, in the county of Otsego and the State of New York, and I, ORRIN SULL, of the town of Waterloo, in the county of Seneca, in the State of New York, did on the ninth day of August, in the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, obtain Letters Patent of the United States for an Improvement in Hydrostatic Presses, which we denominated the “Double Hydrostatic Oil-Press”; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the said hydrostatic press, which description is to be taken in lieu of that upon which the above-named Letters Patent were originally granted, the said Letters Patent being hereby surrendered on account of defects which have been discovered in the specification, and the following conforming, as we verily believe, with requirements of the laws in that case made and provided.

The double hydrostatic oil press as constructed by us operates upon the seed, or other substance to be pressed, by means of two pistons which are forced out of the opposite ends of a cylinder placed horizontally, which two pistons are subjected simultaneously to the power produced by the ordinary hydrostatic press, or any forcing pump operating upon the same principle.

The different parts of this press may be varied in size as may be preferred, and the measurements herein given may be considered therefore as only intended to facilitate description, and as presenting the machine in what may be considered its ordinary size. The frame which is to contain the pressing cylinder, the pistons, and the article to be dressed may be made in part of wood, or altogether of iron, care being had so to construct it that it shall have sufficient strength to sustain the great pressure to which it is subjected. It consists mainly of two side pieces, or cheeks, and of two end pieces, or cheeks, and of two end pieces, or heads, the thickness of these will depend upon the materials employed in making them, the end pieces, or heads however are always best made or cast iron, which should be from four to six inches in thickness, when put together the space between the heads should be from eight to ten feet, that between the cheeks from two to two and a half feet, the width of the frame may be from fourteen inches to two feet. It is to be supported upon legs, or blocks which raise it to a convenient height from the floor, say twelve, or fourteen inches, the pressing cylinder is to be placed in the middle between the heads, and sides of the machine frame where it is to be secured by proper plates, and bolts. It may be made of cast iron from three to five feet in length, its chamber extends from end to end, and may be from ten to twelve inches in diameter, its thickness from two, and a half to five inches, and hooped with heavy bars of wrought iron. Into each end of this cylinder is fitted a piston made solid, and fitting the bore, which are to be packed, or leathered in the way usual in hydrostatic presses. These pistons extend out from each end of the cylinder having heads on them, and between which heads, and the end pieces of the frame, the pressure is to be made. The pistons of course must be of such length as to adapt them to the length of the frame, leaving just enough room for the article pressed. The hydrostatic pressure is made, by forcing water into the pressing cylinder through an opening in the middle of the cylinder between the two pistons forcing them out horizontally in the direction of the ends of the frame.

The common forcing pump used for hydrostatic presses together with the safety valve, and usual appendages of hydrostatic presses being employed will produce the necessary pressure in the aforesaid cylinder. The tubs to contain the seed, or other article be pressed, are made, and managed, in the usual manner being placed edgewise resting on bars to sustain them in the proper position between the ends of the pistons, and the heads of the frame.

All that is claimed as constituting the invention or improvement, for which a patent is claimed is-

The employment of two pistons operated upon in the manner, and for the purposes herein set forth for pressing oil from seeds, and for pressing other articles to which the same may be adapted by means of hydrostatic pressure, by which means the labor of so doing is lessened, not because any increase of power is obtained, but because two charges are pressed at the same time, and the charging with water, and also the discharging has to be less frequently performed.

ORESTES BADGER.
ORRIN SULL.

Witnesses to O. Badger:
HENRY BROWN,
JAMES HYDE.

Witnesses to Orrin Sull:
C. FAIRCHILD,
ORRIEN SABIN.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MOODY PARK, OF MADISON, INDIANA.

PURIFYING WATER FOR USE IN STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 39, dated October 4, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MOODY PARK, of Madison, in the county of Jefferson and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods of Purifying Water from Lime and other Substances Before it Enters the Boiler, which is described as follows, reference being had to the annexed drawing of the same, making part of this specification.

In the common method of generating steam, the lime, earthy substances, &c., contained in the water, are deposited, and adhere around the inner surface of the boiler, thus not only requiring it to be frequently emptied, and cleaned but the accumulation of the lime, earth, or sediment within the boiler prevents the water from doing its office of protecting it by conveying off the heat into the water, but by this accumulation of sediment the boiler is rendered liable to be burnt out in a short time.

The improvement which I have made is designed to obviate these evils, and consists of the following apparatus:

In addition to the boiler, and engine heater for the cold water I construct another vessel, A, in which the water is first boiled, and purified before it enters the boiler. This vessel is first constructed of a size, shape, and strength adapted to the boiler, inside this vessel A, is a partition B, dividing it longitudinally into two chambers, C, D, at one end of one of the chambers, C, is placed the heater E, communicating with the main boiler by a pipe F in which there is a stop-cock G, and in the other end of this chamber is placed a quantity of hay, or straw or other fibrous substance to which the lime, &c. will adhere, and which is removed by changing the hay, &c. The water passing from one side to the other through an aperture H, in the end of the partition, and in this side hay, &c is also placed. Near the end of the last mentioned chamber are two cross partitions I, K, punched with holes to prevent the hay, &c. passing with the water to the pipe L, conducting to the force-pump.

In one end of the heater is a cock M, to let off the condensed steam, the water from the engine heater passes to the vessel or cistern A, by a pipe N, where it is boiled by the heater communicating with the boiler, the steam passing from the boiler through the pipe F, to the heater E, the lime or other substance with which the water is impregnated adhering to the hay, &c. the water thus purified passes to the force-pump, from whence it is pumped into the boiler in the usual way, the strainers serving to arrest the passage of hay, &c. to the pipe of the force-pump.

The invention here claimed as new, and original and for which a patent is solicited, consists in-

The method of purifying water before it enters the boiler, by means of the before described apparatus.

MOODY PARK.

Witnesses:
WILLIAM P. ELLIOT,
WM. BISHOP.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EBENEZER G. POMEROY, OF NEWARK, OHIO.

HORIZONTAL- BOOT-CLAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 38, dated October 4, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBENEZER G. POMEROY, of Newark, in the county of Licking and State of Ohio, have invented, constructed, made, and applied to use a new and useful Improvement Upon my Former Improvement in Crimping Boots, called “The Horizontal Boot-Clamp,” specified in the words following, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

This improvement in crimping is an improvement of my machine for crimping boots, for which I obtained a patent bearing date the twenty-seventh day of July, A. D. 1824, the specification, or schedule whereof is in the words following, viz: This machine is calculated to improve, and facilitate the crimping of boots. It is composed of a shin or board, for giving the front of the boot its proper shape together with any number of straining clamps made of iron, or any suitable material, and also any number of holding clamps made similar to the cabinet maker’s veneering clamps, these are to hold the front of the boot to its place till dry. You may use the straining clamps for other boards or shins while the others are drying. The power is given to the straining clamps by a thumb screw to each clamp. My peculiar improvement consists in having, and using the above clamps instead of pincers, and tacks for drawing the leather on the board or shin, and after being down to its proper place to be secured by the above described holding clamps.

The distinctive character of my present improvement consists in using a horizontal plate having its ends turned up at right angles, forming ears with two round apertures in each, in a line with each other, through which round pins tapered like a wedge are inserted to hold securely the ends of the leather to be strained, there being two parallel grooves in said plate into which the pins force the leather, and thus increase their hold on the same, and from the other side projects a tube in which a female screw is cut, said tube being inserted into an aperture made in the heel of the shin, and which is caused to advance into or recede from said aperture by means of a thumb screw similarly constructed to the one described in my former patent, said screw turning in the female screw in the tube just described, and bearing on a step at the bottom of the aperture in the shin by which the motion just mentioned is given to the plate, or as I shall hereafter term it the horizontal clamp. The shin excepting the aperture in the heel is similarly constructed to those in use. The leather is put over the shin in the usual method; but its ends are secured, in the horizontal clamp in the manner before c1escribed, and strained by turning the thumb screw which draws the leather over the shin, simultaneously on each side.

Figure 1, represents the clamp with the tube inserted in the aperture in the heel of the shin; A, the thumb screw; B, the clamp; E, the shin; F, the heel. Fig. 2, represents the clamp, and screw detached from the shin; C, the tube; D, the point of the screw; Fig. 3, top view of the clamp; H, the grooves; I, the ears; Fig. 4, the tapered pins marked G. Fig. 5, represents a side view of the apparatus as in operation, in which K, is the leather being strained. Fig. 6, represents an edge view of the straining apparatus.

The invention claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent consists in-

The use, and application of the before described horizontal clamp for crimping boots, constructed with a plate having ears, apertures, and channels, in combination with the wedge framed pins to compress the leather into the channel, and hold it fast; but I make no claim to the tube, and female screw, or to the thumb screw.

E. G. POMEROY.

Witnesses:
WM. P. ELLIOTT,
STEPHEN K. BALDWIN.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELISHA TOWN, OF MONTPELIER, VERMONT.

CRANE-STOVE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37, dated December 16, 1833; Reissued September 28, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELISHA TOWN, of Montpelier, in the county of Washington and the State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cooking-Stoves, called “Elisha Town’s Improved Crane-Stove;” and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description.

This stove consists of a bottom plate cast whole excepting that part directly under the fire room and is about three feet and eight inches long one half of which is somewhat elliptical and constitutes the hearth and seat for the fire room and is about two feet and ten inches wide at the front of the body of the stove. The other half of the bottom plate passes off horizontally and parallel to the hearth part and is reduced to the width of twenty eight inches and is of a rectangular form. The seat of the fire room is cast in a separate piece from the other part of the bottom plate and is placed into and rests upon flanches upon the sides and ends of the main portion of the bottom plate, and is sunk, two inches below the surface of the hearth, directly over this part of the bottom plate, the oven and the flues passing under, and at the back side of the oven, are placed. The bottom plate rests upon four legs, on the edges of the rectangular part of the bottom plate, and upon the hearth are cast flanches for fixing the side plates of the stove in their proper positions. The sides are about twelve inches high and covered by top plate corresponding nearly in its form to the bottom plate except that part of the bottom plate which is necessary for a hearth in front of the body of the stove. In the top plate over the fire room and in front of and between the cranes is a boiler hole about eight inches in diameter and the back part of the top plate is a hole and collar for the stove pipe.

The oven is constructed by passing plates from side to side of the stove leaving spaces of about one and one half inches between it and the bottom, top and back plates. These spaces are the flues for conveying the flame and heat or smoke around the oven and to the pipe. In front of the oven and between it and the fire room, is a chamber formed on the back side by an oven plate, and in front and on the top by a thick plate the bottom of this chamber being formed by an extension of the bottom plate of the oven and by means of this chamber the temperature of the oven is equalized. Between the chamber and fire room is a thick plate distant about two inches from the chamber and reaching within about five or six inches of the stop plate. The fire room occupies the front part and about one third of the body of the stove.

The heat is regulated by a damper in the front part of the fire-room which slides up, and down in grooves directly over the fire room are two boiler places which I call cranes. These cranes revolve by axes being placed in the rear corners of the fire room all the sides of the stove, with their pivots inserted in the bottom and top plates. They are from three to four inches deep and parallel when swung in, with the sides of the stove without bottoms and with collars for resting places for kettles. These cranes are cast in parts separate from the top plate.

When swung forward, the projecting top plates or wings assume the places of the boiler holes and prevent the passage of the fire and smoke into the room by swinging the boilers off, they are deprived of the greatest portion of the heat of the fire and the quantity of the heat necessary for cooking is regulated thereby, as a current of cold air is then permitted to pass underneath the boiler so as to drive the heat from the same.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-

The application of the crane or hinge to the boiler places in cooking stoves as herein described.

ELISHA TOWN.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL B. PRENTISS,

IRA OWEN.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY WEST, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

BRAKE FOR WAGONS, CARRIAGES, &c.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 36, dated September 29, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY WEST, of Quincy, in the county of Norfolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, mason, have invented and applied to use a new and useful improvement in the use and application of brakes to the wheels of wagons, stagecoaches, and other vehicles for carrying burdens on the common roads to check their speed in descending hills, which invention and improvement I specify as follows-that is to say, for the better understanding thereof drawings on three plates are hereto annexed and are to be taken and considered as a part of this specification.

Plate number one is a side elevation of a wagon, with a view of the brake; plate numbered two is an end elevation of the same with part of the brake drawn separately, and at large; plate numbered three is a top view of the same; the figures excepting parts of the brake at large are drawn on a scale of three-fourths of an inch to the foot, and the parts aforesaid are drawn on a scale of an inch to a foot.

f, indicates what I denominate the brake wheel, which is a circular rim like that of a wheel made of wood, and hooped with iron with a flange on each side rising about an inch and a half above the rim, so as to form a groove for the brake. This brake wheel should be in the proportion of about two feet diameter and about three inches in thickness, and two inches in breadth for a wagon wheel of five feet in diameter. The brake wheel is fastened to the spokes of the hindmost wheel of the wagon, stage coach or other carriage, on the inside of the wheel, by clasps of iron passing around the spokes and through the rim of the brake wheel, and confined by nuts on the opposite sides. e, indicates the brake of wood about two inches wide and about three inches thick capped on the outside with a strong piece of iron like the tire of a wheel fastened to it by screws, and nails to give strength to the brake, which on the inside is concave so as to fit in the groove and to conform as nearly as may be to the periphery of the brake wheel. The brake turned at the hindmost end turns upon a hinge fixed to a piece of wood, attached to the wagon, carriage, or vehicle, and acts as a lever where the hinge serves as the fulcrum. At the opposite end the brake is connected with a lever indicated d, made of wrought iron of the shape represented in the drawing in plate numbered one, and fixed to a cross piece, which passes under the carriage, and is fixed to a like lever of a like brake to a like brake wheel, on the other side when two brakes are used, which is deemed best in all cases. At the end of this lever is a rope or chain h, connected with the shaft a, of the ratchet wheel c. The ratchet wheel may be turned by a crank d having a square socket adjusted to the projecting end of the shaft of the ratchet wheel, and operating like a watch key.
When it is required to have the crank near the driver’s seat, as in stage coaches, and the like carriages, the rope h, may be extended and fixed to the shaft of the wheel j, which may be operated upon by a bevel wheel, to be moved by the crank. There ought to be a brake wheel and brake for each hind wheel of the carriage.

What I claim as new is-

The use and application of a brake in connection with the brake wheel in manner aforesaid for the purposes aforesaid.

In testimony that the above is a true specification of my said invention as above described I have hereunto set my hand this ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and thirty-six.

HENRY WEST.

Witnesses:
AUGUSTUS H. FISKE,
FRANS. I. HUMPHREY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. SNYDER, OF ELMIRA, NEW YORK.

SLIDING CRANK FOR SAWMILLS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 35, dated September 29, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. SNYDER, of Elmira, in the county of Chemung (late Tioga county) and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement called the “Sliding Sawmill-Cranks,” and that the following is a full and exact description of the said machine as invented by me, a new improvement called the” sliding sawmill-cranks,” which is to be applied to the balance-wheel of the sawmill for the purpose of increasing the motion of the saw-gate in order that the saw may perform two strokes to one revolution of the balance-wheel.

This balance wheel is placed on a gudgeon or shaft, and directly under the center of the saw gate and is placed and turns in a vertical division. In this wheel are placed two rabbets of about three, or four inches wide: crossing each other at the center of the balance wheel and at right angles to each other, the length of each rabbet being equal to the diameter of the balance wheel, these rabbets, to be formed by bolting or countersinking straight guides called the wheel rabbeted guides. Two slides of about twenty two inches in length or of such other length as may be thought necessary are formed to move one in each of the above mentioned rabbets, the rabbeted guides being so contrived as to confine the slides within the rabbets, and so as to tighten, or loosen the sides at pleasure by bolting, screwing, keying, or otherwise. Each slide is fastened to the pitman by means of a gudgeon, or wrist placed in the center of the slide. These gudgeons or wrists may be about four or five inches in length, two or two and a half inches in diameter, and made accurately round. They revolve in boxes fixed in the pitman, the lower box to be placed in the pitman about six inches from the lower end, the upper box is to be at a sufficient distance from the lower one to make the movement of the saw-gate of such extent as may be thought necessary, which movement will be equal in extent to the distance at which the centers of the above mentioned wrists or gudgeons are from each other. The diameter of the balance wheel to be such as to permit the full play of the slides, and the slides not of such length as to interfere with each other.

The invention claimed by me to be new in the above specification is as follows:

The application of the above described slides moving in rabbets crossing each other on said wheel to the purpose of making the saw-gate perform two strokes at one revolution of the above mentioned wheel.

BENJAMIN F. SNYDER.

Witnesses:
A. S. HILLS,
JOHN A. GILLET.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HARRIMAN, OF HAVERHILL, MASSACHUSETTS.

COOK-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 33, dated September 29, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HARRIMAN, of Haverhill, in the county of Essex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Manner of Constructing a Franklin Stove for Cooking and other Purposes, and that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the said stove as improved by me.

This stove is to be made of cast iron, except the oven, which is to be made of sheet iron.

It consists of the following principal parts viz: 1st, the bottom plate; 2d, the top; 3d, the two insides; 4th, the front; 5th, the end plate; 6th, the back of the fire place; 7th, the grate; 8th, the cover of the grate; 9th, the plate over the fire near the top plate; 10th, the oven; 11th, the plate over the oven; 12th, the dampers; 13th, the doors; 14th, the openings for the boilers, &c.

The bottom plate forms the shape of the stove. The fire place is like that of Franklin parlor stove. In the fire place are a grate and cover, the cover is hung on axes at each end which pass through side of the stove, the cover turns up against the back of the stove, when down it rests on the edge of the grate, and incloses the fire to increase the draft, and for other purposes. The fire is visible at all times through the front of the grate when kindled. On the top, on the top-plate are two openings for boilers, (and there maybe more if desired) also an opening for a funnel, behind the fire place, and under the boilers is the oven which has a door at each end, and on the side near the front is another door opening into the fire place for the purpose of putting in fuel.

In this stove there are five flues, and four dampers, one flue which I call the grate flue consisting of several openings near the bottom of the back of the fire place. It admits of the fire, &c., from the fire place to the oven, and up by the back thereof. There is a space between the oven, and the bottom, and end plates sufficient for the fire to pass up to the plate over the oven, thence crossing about half the width of the oven to the two semicircular openings in the plate over the oven, and thence to the funnel on the top of the stove. This plate has also other openings for flues. The first mentioned grate flue has a damper which I call the grate damper, which is fitted to the flue, and is moved by a rod, which passes through the side of the stove. This damper is to regulate the heat under the oven. There are two flues in the front part of the plate over the oven which are over the main fire, they form a part of the fire place, and have each a damper which is moved separately by rods projecting from the back of the stove. The object of these is to take the fire from the fire place and carry it up under the two boilers, (which may be of any required size) over the oven, and through the top plate, the fire and smoke escaping by this course to the funnel on the top of the stove. There are also two other flues in the fire place, over the fire, and near the top plate which will receive all the fire and smoke from the fire place and from around the boilers if desired, and conduct it to the funnel on the top of the stove. The two last mentioned flues have one damper which is bent so as to form two sides at right angles to each other, and so fixed as to open or close both these flues at the same time.

The plate over the oven contains two semicircular openings, and two flues, said plate has a partition from its under side to the oven. The above openings are on one side of the partition, and the flues are on the other side, the partition separating the flues from the openings. These semicircular openings serve as outlets to bring the heat over the oven, and under the boilers. It will be seen that the fire can escape from the fireplace in three ways, and all centering to the boilers.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent is-

The plate containing the semicircular openings, and two flues, and the uses to which I have applied it, also the cover of the grate, and the damper at the back of the grate, and the way in which I have applied them.

JOHN HARRIMAN.

Witnesses:
CHAS. MINOT,
EBENEZER N. BRADLEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAIAH JENNINGS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 31, dated September 22, 1836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAIAH JENNINGS, of the city of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful improvement in the production of fire and light by a combination of liquids and the application of the same in common lamps either with or without a wick; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

The liquids that I usually employ are, alcohol and spirits of turpentine which two liquids I combine together in such a way that the alcohol will be saturated with the spirits of turpentine so as to carbonate the same and cause it to burn with brilliancy. The quantity of turpentine that will combine with the alcohol will depend upon the strength of the latter fluid, which to afford a clear white light should be such as will enable it to form a combination containing not less than one-sixth part of turpentine, but if it will combine so that turpentine will form one-fifth, it is to be preferred. Although I generally use spirits of turpentine, I have essayed other essential oils and analogous compounds, which I have found to answer the same purpose more or less perfectly, but I have preferred spirits of turpentine on account of the economy with which it can be used. When the strength of the alcohol is known, the exact quantity that will combine may be at once added, but it may be put in, in excess agitated and the uncombined portion allowed to separate, and the liquid decanted.

I am aware that I am not the discoverer of the simple fact that the addition of spirits of turpentine or other essential oils to alcohol will cause it to burn with increased brilliancy, but I claim to be the discoverer of the applicability of this combined material and of others possessing analogous properties as a substitute for oil in common lamps, and the first who has applied the same, having been enabled so to do by my experiments upon the proper combining proportions according to the strength of the alcohol, and it is for this discovery and application that I solicit Letters Patent.

ISAIAH JENNINGS.

Witnesses:

SAM STETTINEUS,

DANIEL H. RAY.